C++技术网会员解答:
键盘和鼠标都对应有消息,我们只要对消息进行相应就可以实现你需要对效果。
1.键盘事件:
字符键都可以用WM_CHAR消息处理。当各种字符键比如A、B等键按下之后,程序就收到了WM_CHAR消息,可以提取WPARAM参数,然后对照ASCII编码表进行比较就可以了。
非字符键可以通过WM_KEYDOWN或WM_KEYUP消息进行处理。也是通过WPRAM参数来比较虚拟键码,比如回车的虚拟键码就是VK_RETURN。其他的可以通过MSDN查看。
2.鼠标事件
鼠标按键分为左中右按键,按下分别对应WM_LBUTTONDOWN、WM_MBUTTONDOWN、WM_RBUTTONDOWN。弹起按键替换最后面的DOWN为UP就是了,如WM_LBUTTONUP。
鼠标移动的消息为WM_MOUSEMOVE。
捕捉鼠标,即捕捉鼠标后,即使鼠标离开窗口,依然可以受程序控制。鼠标捕捉使用API函数SetCapture,释放鼠标使用ReleaseCapture。
3.代码实现
给你一个win32实现的代码。请先建立一个win32空项目,然后新建一个cpp文件,将下面的代码粘贴,编译运行就可以了。代码如下:
#include <Windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include "stdio.h"
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrev, PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
static TCHAR szExeName[] = _T("Win32");
HWND hwnd;
MSG msg;
WNDCLASS wndclass;
wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
wndclass.hInstance = hInstance;
wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wndclass.lpszClassName = szExeName;
if (!RegisterClass(&wndclass))
{
MessageBox(NULL, _T("注册窗口类失败,此程序需要运行在Windows NT平台下。"), szExeName, MB_ICONERROR);
return 0;
}
hwnd = CreateWindow(szExeName, _T("我的窗口标题_C++技术网"), WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
ShowWindow(hwnd, iCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(hwnd);
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
return msg.wParam;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
char tmp[100]="";
char ch ;
switch (message)
{
case WM_CREATE:
return 0;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
case WM_KEYDOWN:
if(wParam==VK_RETURN)
MessageBoxA(0,"键盘回车按键按下","键盘事件",0); break;
case WM_KEYUP:
MessageBoxA(0,"键盘按键弹起","键盘事件",0); break;
case WM_CHAR:
ch = (wParam-97)+''''A'''';
sprintf(tmp,"你按下了按键: %c",ch);
MessageBoxA(0,tmp,tmp,0);
break;
case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
MessageBoxA(0,"鼠标左键单击","鼠标事件",0); break;
case WM_LBUTTONUP:
MessageBoxA(0,"鼠标左键弹起","鼠标事件",0); break;
case WM_RBUTTONDOWN:
MessageBoxA(0,"鼠标右键单击","鼠标事件",0); break;
case WM_RBUTTONUP:
MessageBoxA(0,"鼠标右键弹起","鼠标事件",0); break;
//case WM_MOUSEMOVE:
// MessageBoxA(0,"鼠标移动","鼠标事件",0); break;
}
return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
如果想实现更底层的键盘捕捉,请看键盘钩子相关文章,点此查看。